Using the CMS Format for Essay

Using the CMS Format for EssayThe CMS format essay sample or format is a great way to earn a good grade on an essay. The majority of writing students end up reusing the same format that they learned in high school, but this article will point out three benefits of using this format for your CMS essays.First, it is easy to build a vocabulary in the format that increases your communication and language skills. You are also able to use different length headers. These are very important because they make your writing shorter and less confusing. Plus, you get to include less repetition of the same ideas, thus making your writing more 'fresh'.Second, this format works with any topic because most topics have a few different students using it. This means that you can use it as a platform to showcase different aspects of your learning. Additionally, when you use the CMS format for an essay, you are going to be able to address your learning style, which will allow you to write a coherent, well -structured piece.Third, the CMS essay format is perfect for writing articles. You will be able to use the structure of the essay to help make your writing faster and more efficient. You will also be able to use it as a launching pad to demonstrate specific points that are hard to express through writing. If you choose to learn this format for CMS, then you will be able to use it to give you a competitive edge in the writing world.The first benefit of using the CMS format is the easy level of communication that it creates. Unlike other formats, the CMS format allows you to focus on the content and learn how to communicate effectively. Additionally, you don't have to worry about language skills. This format will make your writing easier to read because the spacing between words is clear.The second benefit of using the CMS format is the ability to use the format to demonstrate different points that are difficult to express through written word. As we discussed, there are many differen t elements that are used in the CMS format for an essay. You will be able to use different headers to create different points. For example, if you are going to be talking about the importance of focusing on your audience, you will use headers like 'Focus on your Audience' to promote that specific idea.Finally, you will be able to use the CMS format to make your writing more organized. Your headings will be set off with headers, which means that you will know how long each header is going to be, and you won't have to think about writing them. This makes your writing smoother and more productive.In conclusion, using the CMS format for your CMS essays is going to enhance your communication skills, increase your vocabulary, increase your efficiency and make your writing look more professional. Since you will be using this format for your CMS essays, these benefits should not be taken lightly.

A History Of Christianity In Egypt Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The history of Christianity in Egypt day of the months back verily to the beginnings of Christianity itself. Many Christians hold that Christianity was brought to Egypt by the Apostle Saint Mark in the early portion of the first century AD. Eusebius, Bishop of Caesarea, in his Ecclesiastical History provinces that Saint Mark foremost came to Egypt between the first and 3rd twelvemonth of the reign of Emperor Claudius, which would do it sometime between AD 41 and 44, and that he returned to Alexandria some twenty old ages subsequently to prophesy and evangelise. Saint Mark # 8217 ; s first convert in Alexandria was Anianus, a cobbler who subsequently was consecrated a bishop and became Patriarch of Alexandria after Saint Mark # 8217 ; s martyrdom. This sequence of Patriarchs has remained unbroken down to the present twenty-four hours, doing the Egyptian Christian, or Coptic, Church one of the oldest Christian churches in being. Evidence for this age comes in the signifier of the oldest Biblical papyri discovered in distant parts of Upper Egypt. We will write a custom essay sample on A History Of Christianity In Egypt Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These papyri are written in the Coptic book and are older than even the oldest Grecian transcripts of the Bible ordered by Constantine in AD 312. The Egyptians before Christianity had ever been a profoundly spiritual people, and many readily embraced the immature faith, holding had their old beliefs efficaciously destroyed by the coming of the Roman Empire and the concluding dethroning of the god-king Pharaohs. Many of the constructs of Christianity were already familiar to the Egyptians from their ancient faith, such as the decease and Resurrection of a God, the thought of the opinion of psyches and a paradisaical hereafter for the faithful. The ankh excessively, the Egyptian symbol for ageless life, is really similar to that of the cross revered by Christians ( particularly in the signifier of the Coptic cross, seen at right ) , itself besides a symbol for ageless life. Furthermore, the belief that God had chosen Egypt as a safe topographic point for His baby boy to conceal him from Herod was a great beginning of pride to the Egyptian Christians. It was through Christianity that the Egyptian civilization survived the Roman Dominion. The Church Suffering and Victorious Yet these formative old ages were non without jobs. Throughout this clip Christianity in Egypt was locked in an frequently lifelessly battle against the polytheistic faiths of the Classical civilization every bit good as the Hellenistic motion that began in Alexandria spread to other big metropoliss. To counter Hellenistic doctrine that frequently criticized the immature faith the Christian leaders in Egypt established a catechetical school in Alexandria, the Didascalia, founded in the late 2nd century Ad. This school became the bosom of what can merely be called Christian doctrine, and great instructors and speechmakers such as Clement and Origen were able to conflict the Hellenistic philosophers on their ain land and advocator Christian religion in an orderly and rational mode. It was besides in this great university of Christian larning that Christianity foremost underwent strict surveies that created its first divinity and tenet, every bit good as doing the new religion accessible to all. Pantaenus, the laminitis and first dean of the Didascalia, helped the Egyptian people bridge the spread between Dynastic Egypt and the new epoch by advancing the usage of the Greek alphabet alternatively of the Demotic ( # 8221 ; cursive # 8221 ; hieroglyphics ) in interlingual renditions of the Bible every bit good as in the authorship of spiritual theses and letters. Additionally, the school educated everyone who came to it in Greek, opening the survey of faith to merely about everyone, and doing every bit many people as possible literate. Yet the greatest persecutions on the immature faith came at the custodies of the Roman authorities. Emperor Nero had set the case in point in AD 64, about the same clip as the martyrdom of Saint Peter. It was unusual, for the existent discourtesy was merely to be a Christian or to profess the Christian religion, instead than any sort of condemnable Acts of the Apostless that might travel along with it ( such as those later falsely attributed to Medieval misbelievers ) . An arrested Christian could have a forgiveness merely by offering incense on a Roman communion table, but many refused to make so, mentioning Bible transitions pressing religion in the one God. Thus the true # 8220 ; offense # 8221 ; of the persecuted Christians was their refusal to make homage to the Roman Gods, including the emperor. Those who did decline to bow to the Roman faith were imprisoned, frequently tortured, thrown to the wild animate beings in the amphitheater, or suffered executing by any figure of other agencies. Rather than detering the Christians, these actions encouraged them and reinforced their religion, repeating the words of Jesus that those who suffered persecution because of his name were genuinely blessed. These heroes of the Christians were called # 8220 ; sufferer, # 8221 ; a word that agencies # 8220 ; witnesses. # 8221 ; In the first century this persecution was mostly done by the authorities, though after a few decennaries they seem to hold lost involvement ( or become fearful of the religious order ) and in the 2nd and early 3rd centuries the rabble took over the persecutions. Decius and Diocletian, in the 250s and early 300s severally, brought the empire back into the persecution, but it was clear by this clip it was a losing conflict as Christianity had penetrated even into the highest degrees of society. It was in Egypt that some of the greatest rebelliousnesss of the Romans by Christians were done. While their Roman opposite numbers worshipped in catacombs and belowground vaults, the Egyptian Christians built their churches openly and performed their ceremonials in full position of the Empire. And for every one that the Empire struck down, more would be converted by the illustration of the sufferer. Diocletian was peculiarly brutal, put to deathing so many Christians in 284 entirely that the Coptic Church dates its calendar, the Calendar of the Martyrs ( Anno Martyri ) from that clip. Despite these persecutions, Christianity seems to hold grown quickly in Egypt, distributing to Fayoum in 257 via Anba Dionysius, and in 260 even down into the Thebaid. But in 306 something happened that would alter the fate of Christianity forever: Flavius valerius constantinus became emperor. Flavius valerius constantinus Actually, he became one of the emperors. The Roman Empire of the clip used the Tetrarchy, or Rule of Four. There was one Augustus and one Caesar each for the eastern and western parts of the Empire. One of Constantine # 8217 ; s first Acts of the Apostless as Augustus was to stop the persecution of Christians where he had been runing in Gaul ( France ) , Spain, and Britain. It is unknown where Constantine got his initial regard for Christianity, but it is thought that his female parent was a Christian. Shortly afterwards Galerius, the Eastern Augustus, issued an edict of acceptance for Christianity, stoping persecutions in Greece and the environing country. Maximinus Daia ( non to be confused with Maximinus the Thracian ) nevertheless, responded by increasing persecu tions in his district of Egypt. The narrative is told that one time before the Battle of Milvian Bridge ( by which Constantine took complete control of the Western Empire ) when the odds were greatly against him, Constantine beseeched God for aid, praying in the Christian manner, and won the twenty-four hours. He subsequently adopted the Chi-Rho, a conventionalized monogram of the first letters of # 8220 ; Christus, # 8221 ; as his criterion, and led his ground forcess to triumph after triumph. Because of this, Constantine was even more friendly towards the Christians, though he himself was non baptized a Christian until his deathbed. In 313 together with Licinius, the eastern Augustus, he developed a policy of spiritual tolerance throughout the Empire and for the first clip in many many decennaries there was a societal peace. Peoples were free to idolize as they pleased and the Christian Church was allowed to ain belongings, doing it much easier to construct lasting churches. Additionally, Christianity was made the official province faith, liberating it at least from persecution by the Imperium. Constantine # 8217 ; s order giving spiritual freedom to all under his regulation is known as the Edict of Milan or more decently, the Edit of Tolerance, and was the precursor of other spiritual Torahs such as those found in the American Constitution and the Lateran Treaty of 1949, portion of which created Vatican City. Feeling that his power in Egypt was threatened, Maximinus, still transporting out his persecutions against the Christians at that place, marched an ground forces across Asia Minor into Europe and confronted Licinius. Licinius, following Constantine # 8217 ; s illustration, prayed in the Christian manner with his ground forces before the conflict and defeated Maximinus. With this, Licinius brought the new Roman policy of spiritual tolerance to Egypt and ended the persecution of the Egyptian Christians. After this, Constantine became more and more involved in the workings of Christianity. His dream was to go to the Holy Land and be baptized in the Jordan River, but this was abandoned when he discovered that the eastern churches were in upheaval, largely due to the splash caused by the beliefs of Arius, now called the Arian Heresy. In 325, in response to this inharmoniousness, Constantine ordered the Council of Nicaea. This council was the largest assemblage of Christian bishops in the history of the Church so far, and though the bulk of those present were stand foring the eastern churches of Egypt and Greece, there were delegates from Rome, and therefore the nickname # 8220 ; oecumenic # 8221 ; ( intending # 8220 ; of the whole universe # 8221 ; ) was attached. Constantine attended every bit good, depicting himself as # 8220 ; bishop of external things, # 8221 ; and maintain a secular place on the issues, but it was clear that he wanted Christianity to be united and harmonious. The Nicene Creed, the great part of the Council and a supplication still used by Christians to this twenty-four hours, was composed by Saint Athanasius, a immature Egyptian deacon who would subsequently follow Alexandros as patriarch of Alexandria. The Foundations of Monasticism Egypt is regarded by many Christians, regardless of denomination, as the place of Christian monasticism, and it is really easy to see why. The sheer figure of Christian monasteries scattered about the East is amazing, from the 300 that were in Constantinople entirely to the stray Saint Catherine # 8217 ; s at Mount Sinai. Yet it was Egypt that was seen as the bosom of the cloistered thought. The anon. work, History of the Monks in Egypt, written at some clip in the 4th century, says of Egypt: There is no town or small town in Egypt or the Thebaid that is non surrounded by hermitages as if by walls, and the people depend on their supplications as if on God Himself # 8230 ; Through them the universe is kept in being. Christian monasticism emerged as a genuine motion during the early 4th century, but the spirit of monasticism was already present in Christianity with its thoughts of asceticism and moderateness. For the Christian East, the monastic was by definition a lone function, and at that place have been more Christian anchorites in this country than in any other in the universe. It is Saint Anthony of Egypt who is credited with the initiation of monasticism, along with his fellow countryman Saint Pachomius. Yet even they were merely spread outing on an thought that had already existed. After the decease of his parents in the 270 # 8217 ; s, Anthony had entrusted his younger sister to a Parthenon, or convent of adult females. Thus priories of what are today called nuns were already established long before Saints Anthony and Pachomius even began their work. Indeed, it is adult females who are to be genuinely credited with the beginning of the cloistered career. Yet Anthony still deserves the congratulations due to him, for his true invention was to travel the cloistered community off from the distractions of society and the metropolis and into the wilderness, which he did, establishing his first hermitage in AD 305. Unlike monasteries in the West, the monasteries of Egypt and the environing country had no centralised orders, instead, each one was an independent unit. Many of the early monasteries in the East were founded and maintained by the swayers and aristocracy, others by groups of the people wishing to hold supplications said for themselves and their households. The size of the monasteries besides varied greatly. Some were extremely organized endeavors, having big sums of land and commercial involvements, while others were hermitages of merely three or four members. After Saint Anthony, there were two basic types of monasticism in Egypt, and subsequently on, the universe. There was the eremetical, or anchorite, manner and the coenobitic, monasteries in which the occupants led a communal life. These Egyptian abstainers each lived really similar lives to the others of their type. They took vows of celibacy and poorness, and if portion of a cloistered community, obeisance to the archimandrite. They practiced long and frequent fasts, some abstained from intoxicant and meat, and they supported themselves by making services for the ballad people nearby, such as assisting with labour or the merchandising of some little handcrafts. The largest monasteries were frequently self-sufficing, owning farms and herds, every bit good as doing everything they needed, from the apparels they wore to the staff of life that was on their tabular array. If they did do any money for anything they did, they kept merely what they needed to exist and gave the remainder to the hapless. While crowds of the hapless frequently united monasteries ( vows of poorness being nil new to them, and at least they would hold nutrient, vesture, and shelter ) , subsequently on many of the upper category joined as Christianity spread across category and caste. Quite a figure of the latter were educated and were employed by the Church in assorted rational businesss such as catechists, clerks and physicians. From the really beginning, the early Christian Church had a topographic point and a undertaking for everyone. 34c

How To Prove The ROI Of Getting Organized [Backed By Science]

How To Prove The ROI Of Getting Organized [Backed By Science] Here are three facts  I know to be 100% certain: Marketers who document their plan are 538% more successful than those who don’t. Marketers who document their processes are 466% more successful than those who don’t. Marketers who set goals are 429% more successful than those who don’t. ^^^ I don’t know what that sounds like to you. But to me†¦ it sounds like literal data proves that: Marketers who proactively organize  the ways in which they will be  successful are actually more successful  than marketers who don’t organize their plans, processes, and goals. So to answer the question the title of this article hints at, let me pose another†¦ is there value in being successful? Just saying. If that’s just not enough for you, let’s breakdown the symptoms the lack of solid organization cause and explore how you’ll solve those pains by getting organized. This information is handy when: You need to prove to your boss that it’s worth your time and investment to implement new tools and processes to get organized. Your team needs some reassurance that while change is difficult, that after implementing new organizational procedures that their lives will actually be way easier- proven by science. You need a kick in the pants to get organized now†¦ because every day you spend frustrated by disorganization is another wasted opportunity. You’ve got this! So let’s explore, shall we? ;) How To Prove The ROI Of Getting Organized (Backed By Science)You Literally  Don’t Have To Work As Hard When You’re Organized (This Is A Really  Good Thing) Disorganization in your marketing operations causes extreme frustration. Frustration  is a feeling of anger or annoyance caused by being unable to do something, according to Merriam-Webster dictionary. I thought it was interesting to read the example sentence Merriam-Webster used to define frustration  because it applies all too well to the topic of disorganized marketing: These bureaucratic delays have been causing us a lot of frustration. Hm. ^^^ I’m sure you’ve been there. A study from the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health aimed to understand how frustration impacted brain activity while participants executed tasks they knew really well. The result? It takes increased attentional effort  to complete well-learnt tasks when you’re frustrated. Therefore, if being disorganized causes you to feel frustrated, you’re likely to experience more stress and expend more mental energy to complete your work. In short, you have to work harder when you’re frustrated.  It slows you down, shatters productivity, and destroys your efficiency. Value of being organized: You spend less mental energy to complete your work. That means you save time. You can calculate the actual value with the following formula: (time spent completing task while frustrated Ãâ€" hourly wage) (time spent completing task normally Ãâ€" hourly wage) = # hours productivity and # money saved from being organized For example, if you’re writing a webinar script, your calculation may look something like this: (16 hours writing script while frustrated Ãâ€" $30 hourly wage) (10 hours writing script normally Ãâ€" $30 hourly wage) = 6 hours of productivity and $180 saved from being organized Use a tool like Toggl to track your time. Then log it in the spreadsheet that complements this article. ^^^ That’s nerd-ville. But if you need legit calculations to back up why you need to change now, knowing the numbers will help your case. Now†¦ how can you solve the frustration caused by disorganization? Since I picked on â€Å"bureaucratic delays† as a cause of frustration, next up is†¦ Recommended Reading: How to Effectively Measure Marketing ROI With Google Analytics and a Simple Formula Science Proves That Setting Deadlines Helps You Actually  Complete Tasks On Time Deadline  is a date or time before which something must be done, again, according to Merriam-Webster dictionary. Researchers at MIT conducted a study on procrastination, deadlines, and precommitment. Essentially, they wanted to know if incremental deadlines would help projects be completed on time rather than at the last minute (or not at all). That study found self-imposed deadlines aren’t as effective as externally-imposed, evenly-spaced deadlines. So. People are scientifically proven to be more effective when larger â€Å"projects† are broken down and assigned to them as deadlines over time. ^^^ Yep. People work better when they’re told what to do and when to have it done. So†¦ to summarize†¦ psychology suggests: Being organized enough to plan your workflows and delegate task deadlines will help you complete projects on time. Being organized enough to plan your workflows and delegate task deadlines will help you completeWhat are some best practices for assigning deadlines? ^^^ I thought you’d never ask. ;) Break down all of the work to be done for a piece of content in a chronological list.  For example, consider everything you need to do to plan, write, and publish a white paper from beginning to end. Eliminate all unnecessary tasks from the list.  Andrew S. Grove, former CEO at Intel, suggests targeting a specific number of tasks to remove from your workflow can help you reduce your workload by 30-50%. Remove tasks that fall into other workflows, exist for bureaucratic/approval purposes, and are outdated. Decide who will complete each of those tasks.  You’re thinking of one name per task here- because the moment you delegate one task to two people is the moment each points fingers at the other to complete the work (or†¦ push blame on the other when the work never gets completed). Figure out when the last task in the workflow needs to be done.  In marketing lingo, you can think of this as # of days before publish.  For example, if you need a blog post to be 100% complete two weeks before it publishes, the last task in the workflow needs to be done 14 days before the publish date. Now you know the second-to-last task needs to be completed 15 days before publish, the third-to-last task 16 days before publish, and all the way up the list to the very first task so you’ll know exactly when to begin the workflow. Through this process, you’ve organized: The workflow for a specific piece of content so no detail gets missed. Accountability for each task within the workflow so you can efficiently assign the work among your team. When every task needs to be completed so, as a collective project, the content is completed on time, thereby crushing your deadline. You can follow this simple process to organize realistic workflows for everything you do: white papers, blog posts, emails, courses, and beyond. And, in the grand scheme of things, you’ve used psychology to influence your team to complete their work on time so you, as a collective marketing team, nail every deadline for every piece and for every campaign. win-win-win Value of being organized: You will hit deadlines while removing 30-50% of your workload, thus giving you the ability to complete projects faster and more efficiently than ever before.You can calculate the value of organizing your workflows and deadlines with the following formulas: (total time spent completing tasks that were removed from the workflow) Ãâ€" hourly wage = # hours productivity and # money saved from being organized For example, if you’re writing a blog post, your calculation may look something like this: (1 hour approving idea + 30 minutes outline peer review + 30 minutes social media graphic review + 1 hour writing email) Ãâ€" $30 hourly wage = 3 hours of productivity and $90 saved from being organized Since you’ll also be able to work through projects faster and more efficiently, you may even want to communicate that value, too. While certain tasks may require less time than one day to be completed, typical waterfall workflows mean allocating a day per task to allow your team members flexibility in their daily schedules to complete the work: # days to complete workflow before task reduction (total # tasks removed from the workflow) = # days to complete the organized workflow For example, this is what that may look like for your blog post: 10 days to complete workflow before task reduction (1 +1 +1 +1 total tasks removed from the workflow) = 6 days to complete the organized workflow ^^^ This illustrates you’ll move faster to ship the same projects, which means you can take on more work all while hitting your deadlines. If You’re Persistent, You’ll Get It. If You’re Consistent, You’ll Keep It. Tony Robbins once said†¦ It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives. It’s what we do consistently. It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives. It’s what we do consistently.Yeah, that’s a nice quip. But. ^^^ That quote holds water as far as science is concerned. Researchers wondered if commitment would be an effective way to promote proenvironmental behaviors. They discovered for early behavioral success that: [†¦] commitment alone [†¦] and commitment plus another treatment (e.g., feedback, incentives, persuasive messages, [†¦]) were significantly more effective than control groups. That means if you commit to something, you’re likely to be successful at it. Go figure. And, that means if you commit to something AND communicate during that commitment, you’re even more likely to be successful. Consider that when you make a behavioral change in your marketing team†¦ The study goes on to elaborate: [†¦] both commitment only and commitment plus another treatment yielded sustained behavior change. That means commitment leads to long-term behavior change, therefore, long-term success. So. If you’re persistent right away, you’ll get it. If you’re consistent with that commitment, you’ll keep it. As a marketer, you likely hear all too often that â€Å"Consistency is key to success!† Well, for you to get organized personally, science proves that’s true. And, as far as your marketing’s results go, consistency is a major driver of success, too. Consider this†¦ A website with zero pages will get zero visitors. That means zero page views, zero email subscribers, and†¦ zero customers. A website with a couple pages may get visitors. That means a few page views, a couple subscribers, and maybe some customers. A website with 10 thousand pages will get thousands of visitors, thousands of email subscribers, and hundreds of customers. ^^^ If that sounds bizarre†¦ or you don’t believe me†¦ I know those three bullets to be 100% true because they are precisely what happened here at . Back in 2013, this is what traffic looked like at because we started with just a few web pages and blog posts. No one knew who we were or the pains could solve for them: launched September 23, 2013. A big spike! Followed by actual days of zero page views. wah-wah This is ’s traffic recently: That didn’t happen over night. A commitment to publishing at least  two blog posts every single week since 2013  gave us: Opportunities to test  various topics and angles to understand what our audience would be interested in. The option of failure.  It’s not possible for every piece to be a winner. But that gave us so many ways to learn what not to do, so we could improve everything we should do  moving forward. Thousands of keywords to rank on.  When every blog post targets a keyword, every search brings new traffic. Organic search accounts for 69% of our traffic, which wouldn’t be possible if we didn’t consistently publish content strategically targeted at ranking for terms our audience uses. ^^^ That last one is crucial to our success as a marketing team here at . Imagine if only published one blog post per month targeting a keyword that would bring in 1,000 search results. Since September 2013, that would mean we’d have only published something like 55 blog posts resulting in 55,000 page views of monthly recurring traffic. ^^^ That would suck. And it wouldn’t be the more than 1.5 million page views the website pulls in every month today. Instead, consistently publishing at least two blog posts since 2013 (and frequently more now because we know publishing consistently works), gives us steady, long-term results that look something like this: It’s not easy. I fully remember late nights on Sundays and Tuesdays to make damn sure we published first thing Monday and Wednesday mornings. We were committed. It had to happen no matter what. But. We got better at it. Getting organized, creating workflows, and setting goals helped us commit to producing content that produces results. Value of being organized: Commitment and consistency make your goals reality.You can calculate how organizing your commitment to consistency impacts your marketing’s success with this formula: (total # of pieces to publish when committed to consistency) (total # of pieces published today without commitment to consistency) Ãâ€" (total anticipated # goal volume) = # of goal increase from being organized Since the example involves blog posts, this is what the formula may look like for us as an example: (9 blog posts to publish per month when committed to consistency) (1 blog post published per month without commitment to consistency) Ãâ€" (1,000 new search results per blog post) = 8,000 pageview increase each month from being organized. ^^^ Now, that formula is the most simplistic it can be. You’ll tweak it according to your own goals. The point here is that organizing your commitment to publishing consistently will dramatically boost your marketing’s results. What Is Being Organized Worth To You? Just by running through the frameworks with the examples in this article, being organized would: Give you 6 hours of productivity and save $180 on every white paper you’d produce moving forward. Free up 3 hours of productivity and save $90 on every blog post you’ll write in the future. Boost your recurring monthly pageviews by 8,000. Being organized eliminates frustration, reduces your overall workload, and boosts your results. If you’re ready to organize all of your marketing- including blog posts, email marketing, social media campaigns, and everything content- in one place, now’s the perfect time to check out . is the only marketing management platform that brings everything you’re working on in one visual calendar. It helps you see everything your team is working on at a glance. So go ahead and see what getting organized will do for you! Request your free, customized demo with a expert! Or†¦ Start your free 14-day trial right now. You’ve got this!

Turkish Youth in Germany and Their Hip Hop as a Media Essay

Turkish Youth in Germany and Their Hip Hop as a Media - Essay Example It is the further hope of this author that by engaging with the information within this essay, the reader will calm to a more full and complete understanding of the way in which Turkish hip hop music was born and why it has developed in the unique way in which it has. As with many forms of art and expression, the genre of hip hop itself was born during the early 1970s. Beyond merely giving birth to this defining genre of uniquely American music, this particular decade, as well as the one which preceded it, was fertile ground for the development and expression of new art forms, music, means of understanding, philosophy, and a range of other expression and thought related activities (Brunson, 2011). Due to the way in which society was beginning to cast off the balance that it previously defined it and actively seeking to create new realities and means of expression to fit the needs and trends of the current generation, hip-hop was yet another in a long line of new wave expressionism that ultimately caught on and has prevailed for over 40 years now. Recognizing the transformative power that this genre of music could have for those individuals that considered themselves as a minority within a particular culture could have, it was not long before Turkish immigrants began to engage with the music genre and seek to mould it to the unique hardships and cultural issues they faced within Germany. Just as with rock ‘n roll before it and jazz before rock ‘n roll, Turkish hip-hop was syncretic in its form; allowing it to mix with African beats, current affairs/lyrics, and traditional Turkish melody (Bennett, 2009). In such a way, it cannot and should not be understood by the reader that Turkish hip hop is somehow unique and was ultimately created from any type of a blank slate. Rather, it was merely the evolution of different textural and musical elements that

Management Theories Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Theories - Assignment Example The both are geared towards improving the productivity of organizations as well as their effectiveness which is quite evident in the scientific theory as it tries to follow all the simplistic and universal set rules in order to realize higher productivity in the organizations and make everything run smoothly. A similar spirit is seen in the humanistic theory as it stresses on situational suitability and coming up with principles that assure them of their success without having to rely on the universal ones (Robbins, 2006). All this is geared towards achieving success in the management of these organizations as well as their effectiveness.Both theories try to make an improvement on the relationship between managers and their workers as seen with the scientific theory through emphasis of working with togetherness between the workers and managers. On the same note, the humanistic theory also insists on managers understanding organizational situations before figuring out the best way to work with and through other people as they co-ordinate activities. As all these are done for the better of the managers and the workers, it is meant to improve the relationship between them and make the work environment comfortable.Both the scientific and humanistic theory have diversified views on how to improve management and create efficiency in the organizations and be sure that their goals are achieved. Though they have common goals of improving management and efficiency in organizations.

What Is the Principle-Agent Relationship Essay Example for Free

What Is the Principle-Agent Relationship Essay A great majority of social and economic relationships are of the principle agent type. The principle-agent problem is a game-theoretic situation where; there is a player (the principal) and one more other players (the agents). This is the problem of how the principle can motivate the agent to act for the principles benefit rather than follow self interest. â€Å"The problem is how to devise incentives which lead to report truthfully to the principle on the facts they face and the actions they take, and act for the principles benefit. Incentives include rewards such as bonuses or promotion for success, and penalties such as demotion or dismissal for failure to act in the principles interest. † (Black, J. 2003). The actions however, may not always be apparent so it is not usually adequate for the principle to state payment on the actions of the agents. The reasons why we expect the public sector to be inefficient has to do with the incentives and restrictions of the individual and organisational levels. There are at least two important reasons why perfect contingency markets have not developed as stated by Broadway Wildasin (1984). The first reason is that the transaction costs of establishing such markets might be high relative to the number of traders. The other reason is the observable fact of asymmetric information, also known as the principal agent problem. Two particularly significant consequences of this reliance are â€Å"moral hazard† and â€Å"adverse selection†. Daniel W. Bromley (1989), states that the principal must rely on indicators of success rather than success itself (adverse selection), while the agent directs attention toward the satisfaction of proxy measures rather than toward the success of the task itself. (moral hazard). The â€Å"hazard† in moral hazard refers to the fact that the individual has an incentive to direct behaviour toward proxy measures rather than toward the desired goal. This redirection can result in creating incentives for perverse behaviour. The â€Å"adverse† in adverse selection refers to the fact that the establishment of monitoring criteria leads to perverse measurement. Individuals who wish to take out insurance possess information that insurers don’t. The insured persons (the agents) can exploit this informational advantage in dealing with insurers (the principles) in various ways (Broadway Wildasin, 1984). Moral hazard occurs when the insured can, through actions unobservable to the insurer, influence wither the probability of a loss occurring, or the magnitude of the loss. For example, a person can influence the probability of an accident by the degree of preventive action taken. If the quantity of preventive action is not observable to the insured, market failure can result. Alternatively the standard example of how the insured influences the size of the loss is medical insurance. In the event that illness occurs, the insured can overuse medical services. Adverse selection occurs when there are several different types of insured persons, distinguishing from one another by the probabilities of a bad state of nature occurring. Thus, for some persons might be high risk and others low risk, and the insurers cannot tell one from the other. Automobile insurers cannot tell careful from careless drivers except imperfectly through such indicators as sex, and family status. Equilibrium may not exist in the presence of adverse selection and even if it does it may not be efficient. A problem related to adverse selection is the simple lack of information by market participants. The diversification of the Pareto-Optimality of competitive markets assumed that individuals and firms have complete knowledge regarding the availability and attributes of all goods and factors. Such will not always be the case. Consumers may not know the implications of various products for their health or safety, nor will they have full information on the relative merits of various competing consumer items. Firms do not always know the quality of the labour force they are hiring. The provision of information has the attributes of a public good, especially the joint consumption property. Thus, information on product safety and health hazards is often publicly provided. (e. g the Food and Drug Administration). Similarly the education system provides, in addition to its training role, an informational function known as screening. That is by attaching levels of achievement to persons coming out of the education system (e. g. egrees, diplomas, grades), information is being provided to prospective employers regarding the potential productivity of the person. Presumably, the practice of licensing various professions or trades plays a similar screening role, however imperfect it is. The dissemination of information can, for our purposes, be considered as a particular type of public good. Due to the non existence of perfect contingency markets, Pareto optimality does not exist in the real world, and this may influence government behaviour. According to Brown Jackson (1990), inefficiency in the public sector arises when there is an asymmetry of information between those who demand services and those who supply them. This problem is predominantly evident in education and healthcare due to imperfect information. For instance, a patient (the principle) seeks information and advice from her GP or consultant (the agent) concerning her medical condition (i. e. health status). The doctor has specialist technical knowledge and subsequently in providing information to the patient the doctor also advises them on what should be done next. Therefore, because the doctor has the technical skills to make decisions in the patient’s best interests; in most cases they make the decisions for the patients. Had the patient been fully informed and competent enough to assess the technical options, the doctor wouldn’t have to stand in place of the patient as they would have been able to make their own decisions. The public sector consists of professional groups such as doctors, lawyers, teachers, planners etc. Each of these professions holds their own norms and standards that have a hold upon the level and quality of their services. If a lawyer puts professional standards above the interests of the client then this will result in allocative efficiency as they are acting in their own interests as agents rather than those of the principal. Another example of principal and agent is that between voters and elected politicians. â€Å"The rationale for the existence of a representative democracy is that politicians, because of their specialization, are better informed than the general voting public and stand as agents of the voters. † (Brown Jackson, 1990. p. 204). If politicians get the wrong idea about the preferences of the principles then there will be allocative inefficiency once again. In some cases, the suppliers of public services are not exploiting the customers/voters for profit but rather that in serving their own interests â€Å"they may tend to over produce or to produce a quality of service in excess of what tax payers would be prepared to pay if they were better informed. † (Brown Jackson, 1990. p. 204) Due to budget constraints, public firms do not have the financial capabilities to provide powerful incentives unlike private firms. Bonuses are not awarded for good performance nor can individuals be fired for misperfomance. Subsequently, public agencies are systematically less efficient as individuals are less complacent to be efficient or to provide the best services to their customers. Even if they do have any incentive, more often their aim directed at political goals rather than the objectives. Bureaucrats for instance, as explained by Stiglitz (2000) may not receive ample pay checks or considerable dividends from increased efficiency, but they often seem to enjoy the power and prestige associated with being in charge of a larger organization. They attempt to maximize the size of their bureaucracy by reducing efficiency. The only thing that stops them from doing this is competition between bureaucracies. W. A Niskanen, implies that the increasing centralization of government bureaucracies has reduced competition, in doing so bureaucrats can pursue their interests at the expense of efficiency and the public interest. This is an example of the principle-agent problem. â€Å"Here, the problem is, how do the citizens (the â€Å"principles†) get their employees, public servants (the â€Å"agents†), to act in their interests? † (Stiglitz, 2000 p. 202) Revise.

Acid Rain :: Free Essay Writer

Acid Rain is caused by pollution containing sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and ozone ( SOÃ ½, NOx, and OÃ ½ ) is released into the air. These chemicals are absorbed into clouds and results in Acid Presipitation ( Acid Rain, Acid Snow, Acid Hail, Acid Sleet ). When the chemicals aren’t absorbed into clouds, they can drift for miles and fall to the ground, resulting in Acid Deposition, or dry deposition. When Acid Rain falls into water it is mixed in with the normal water and causes the pH of the entire body to be raised. Measurments on the pH (potential Hydrogen ) scale, rise exponentialy, thus, a lake with a pH of 4 is ten times as acidic as a lake with a pH of 5, and a lake with a pH of 3 is 100 times as acidic, After many rain falls of Acid rain, the pH of a normal lake ( 5.8 ) to 4. Acid Rain has been known to reach the acidicy of pH 2, ( battery acid has a pH if 1 ) this is a drastic change, as normal rain is average pH 5.2. Acid Rain can dissolve limestone and chalk, and corrodes outdoor structures. Statues and monuments that are left unprotected can fall victim to the unpredjudiced destruction of acid rain. Acid Rain reacts to different types of soil and rocks in two ways. 1) Acid rain will dissolve alkaline rocks and soil, or will neutralize the alkalinity. 2) Acid rain will increase the acidicy of already acidic rocks and soil, such as granite, or the soil which results from corroded granite. Acidic chemicals, and alkaline chemicals react to each other by reducing the alkalinity or acidicy of each other. Which ever has the strongest pH level, usually will neutralize or reduce the pH of the other, but after the reaction is complete, both substances have undoubtably changed, their pH moved closer to neutral ( pH 7 ).